Журнал кардиореспираторных исследований 2026. №2/2

Тема статьи

OIV/OITS bilan kasallangan bemorlarda tuberkulyoz tarqalishi (56-59)

Авторы

S.J. Xodjiyeva, S.Sh. Xolmamedova, A.A. Maxmanazarov, I.K. G‘aniyev, Sh.Sh. Eshmurodov

Учреждение

Samarqand davlat tibbiyot universiteti, Samarqand viloyati Ftiziatriya va Pulmonologiya markazi

Аннотация

Tuberkulyoz (TB) ayniqsa OIV/OITS bilan yashayotgan shaxslarda, ularning immun tizimi zaiflashganligi sababli, jamoat salomatligi uchun muhim muammo bo‘lib qolmoqda. Ushbu tadqiqot O‘zbekistonda OIV-musbat shaxslar orasida tuberkulyozning tarqalishini o‘rganadi, epidemiologik tendensiyalarni, xavf omillarini va davolash natijalarini tahlil qiladi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, OIV-musbat shaxslarning taxminan 35–40 % ida faol tuberkulyoz rivojlanadi, bunda o‘pka tuberkulyozi eng ko‘p uchraydigan shakl hisoblanadi. Bundan tashqari, ko‘p dori vositalariga chidamli tuberkulyoz (MDR-TB) va keng dori vositalariga chidamli tuberkulyoz (XDR-TB) davolashda jiddiy muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Kech tashxis qo‘yilishi, tibbiy xizmatdan yetarli foydalanmaslik va davolanish rejimiga rioya qilmaslik TB va OIV koinfeksiyasi yukini yanada oshiradi. Ushbu tadqiqot TB va OIV bo‘yicha integratsiyalashgan tibbiy xizmatlarni kuchaytirish, diagnostika imkoniyatlarini yaxshilash va profilaktik choralarni amalga oshirish zarurligini ta’kidlaydi. Tadqiqot natijalari O‘zbekistonda va o‘xshash hududlarda TB-OIV boshqaruvini yaxshilash hamda kasallanish va o‘lim ko‘rsatkichlarini kamaytirish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan tavsiyalar beradi.

Ключевые слова

tuberkulyoz, OIV/OITS, TB-OIV koinfeksiyasi, ko‘p dori vositalariga chidamli tuberkulyoz, epidemiologiya, jamoat salomatligi, O‘zbekiston, sog‘liqni saqlash integratsiyasi, diagnostika muammolari, davolash natijalari

Литературы

1. Chaisson, R., & Martinson, N. (2008). Tuberculosis in Africa—Combating an HIV-driven crisis. New England Journal of Medicine, 358, 1089–1092. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp0800809 2. Dodd, L., Yuen, C., Sismanidis, C., Seddon, J. A., & Jenkins, H. E. (2016). Estimating the global burden of tuberculosis among HIV-infected individuals. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(6), 761–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00066-7 3. Dye, C., & Williams, B. G. (2010). The population dynamics and control of tuberculosis. Science, 328(5980), 856–861. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185449 4. Gupta, R. (2018). Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 22(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.18.0223 5. Harries, N., & Hargreaves, K. (2013). The HIV-associated tuberculosis epidemic. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 57(8), 1045– 1049. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit400 6. Havlir, D., & Swindells, S. (2011). Integrating antiretroviral and tuberculosis treatment. The New England Journal of Medicine, 365, 1482–1491. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1014181 7. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). (2023). AIDS epidemic update 2023. UNAIDS. 8. Kwan, P., & Ernst, J. (2011). HIV and tuberculosis: A deadly human syndemic. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 24(2), 351– 376. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00042-10 9. Lawn, A., & Wood, R. (2015). Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection: New paradigms for pathogenesis and treatment. Annual Review of Medicine, 66, 387–405. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-051513-102604 10. Marais, B., & Gupta, R. (2017). Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV: Global challenges. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 17(12), e250–e260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30474-6 11. Naidoo, B. (2021). Barriers to tuberculosis and HIV diagnosis and treatment. BMC Public Health, 21, 123. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10883-4 12. Suthar, S., Lawn, S. D., del Amo, J., Getahun, H., Dye, C., Sculier, D., ... & Granich, R. (2012). Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in adults with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine, 9(7), e1001270. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001270 13. Wells, C., & Cegielski, A. (2007). HIV infection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13(5), 780–786. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1305.061459 14. World Health Organization. (2021). Treatment of tuberculosis: Guidelines for national programmes (WHO Report 2021) 15. World Health Organization. (2023). Global tuberculosis report 2023. World Health Organization.