Журнал кардиореспираторных исследований 2026. №2/2

Тема статьи

Bolаlаrdа tuberkulyozni ertа аniqlаshdа immunologik sinamalаrning o`rni (36-39)

Авторы

N.T.Mamatova, K.U.Kuyliyev, R.T.Tursunova, A.A. Ashurov, B.A.Abduhakimov

Учреждение

Samarqand davlat tibbiyot universiteti, Samarqand viloyat Ftiziatriya va pulmonologiya markazi

Аннотация

Tuberkulyoz zamonaviy tibbiyotning dolzarb muammolaridan biri bo`lib qolmoqda va ayniqsa noqulay epidemiologik sharoitlarda bolalar salomatligi uchun jiddiy xavf tug`diradi. Tadqiqot maqsadi: Ushbu tadqiqotning maqsadi bolalarda tuberkulyoz infeksiyasini erta aniqlashda immunologik sinamaning diagnostik ahamiyatini baholashdan iborat. Materiallar va usullar: Tadqiqotga 2 yoshdan 15 yoshgacha bo`lgan, tuberkulyozga shubha qilingan yoki kasallangan bemorlar bilan aloqada bo‘lgan 156 nafar bola kiritildi. Diagnostika jarayonida klinik-anamnestik, laborator, instrumental va immunologik usullar qo‘llanildi. Jumladan, Mantu sinamasi, Diaskintest va IGRA-test (QuantiFERON-TB Gold) o‘tkazildi. Tadqiqot natijalari: Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, Mantu sinamasi yuqori sezgirlikka ega (94,7%), biroq past spetsifiklikka (67,9%) ega bo‘lib, bu ko‘p miqdordagi soxta ijobiy natijalar bilan bog‘liq. Diaskintest yuqoriroq spetsifiklikni (89,3%) namoyon etdi, sezgirligi esa (92,1%) Mantu sinamasiga yaqin bo‘ldi. IGRA-sinama eng yuqori diagnostik samaradorlikni ko‘rsatdi (sezgirlik — 92,9%, spetsifiklik — 93,3%) va ular BSJ vaksinasiga bog‘liq emas. Eng yuqori natijalar Diaskintest va IGRA sinamaini birgalikda qo‘llashda kuzatildi (sezgirlik — 96,4%, spetsifiklik — 91,2%). Xulosa: Shunday qilib, zamonaviy immunologik usullardan kompleks foydalanish bolalarda tuberkulyoz infeksiyasini erta aniqlash aniqligini oshiradi, diagnostik xatolar sonini kamaytiradi va pediatrik amaliyotda diagnostik algoritmlarni takomillashtirishga xizmat qiladi.

Ключевые слова

tuberkulyoz, bolalar, immunologik sinama, Mantu sinamasi, IGRA, latent tuberkulyoz, erta tashxis.

Литературы

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